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Unmasking the Dark Side of Sports: Performance-Enhancing Drugs
Explore the world of performance-enhancing hormones and drugs, their devastating health risks, and the ethical implications that tarnish the spirit of fair competition in sports.
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Prompt
PERFORMANCE ENHANCEMENT HORMONES & DRUGS Introduction Performance-enhancing hormones and drugs (PEDs) are substances used by athletes to improve strength, endurance, alertness, and overall performance. These substances are banned by WADA due to their unfair advantage and serious health consequences. Major Categories of PEDs • **Anabolic-Androgenic Steroids (AAS)** – Increase muscle mass and strength • **Peptide Hormones** – Growth hormone (HGH), Insulin-like growth factor (IGF-1) • **Erythropoietin (EPO)** – Boosts red blood cell count for endurance • **Beta-2 Agonists** – Improve breathing in sports • **CNS Stimulants** – Enhance alertness and reaction time Mechanism of Action Steroids: Bind to androgen receptors → boost protein synthesis → increase muscle strength EPO: Stimulates RBC production → increases oxygen delivery to muscles HGH: Stimulates growth and cell regeneration → increases muscle and bone strength Methods of Use • Oral tablets • Intramuscular injections • Blood transfusion (blood doping) • Hormone patches and gels Health Risks • Liver and kidney damage • Heart attack, stroke, high blood pressure • Aggression, depression and psychological dependence • Infertility, hormonal imbalance, sexual dysfunction • Sudden death in severe misuse cases Anti-Doping Detection (Flow) Sample Collection → Screening Test (Immunoassay) → Confirmatory Test (LC-MS/GC-MS) → WADA Rule Violation Assessment → Penalties/Suspension Legal & Ethical Concerns • Violates spirit of fair competition • Can lead to bans, disqualification, and legal action • Devalues honesty and true talent in sport
